国家开放大学2023年秋季学期期末统一考试

英语阅读(1)试题

试卷代号：22155

2024年1月

座位号：________ 学号：________ 姓名：________ 考点名称：________

注意事项：

1. 将你的学号、姓名及考点名称填写在试题和答题纸的规定栏内。考试结束后，把试题和答题纸放在桌上。试题和答题纸均不得带出考场。待监考人员收完试题和答题纸后方可离开考场。

2. 仔细阅读题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。所有答案必须写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试题上的答案无效。

3. 用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔(含签字笔)答题，使用铅笔答题无效。

Part I Questions 1-10 are based on Passage 1. (30 points, 3 points each)

Passage 1 A Festival of Colors

Hindu people in India and all over the world celebrate Holi, or the Festival of Colors. They celebrate it on the day after the full moon in February or March. The festival celebrates the beginning of spring. It also celebrates how good is stronger than evil. In the old days, people celebrated Holi for five days. Today, most people celebrate Holi for two or three days. It is a time for Hindus to relax and have fun. During the festival, all people - rich and poor, men and women, young and old - are equal and enjoy this time together.

Before the festival,the streets are full of people. They are buying and selling powders of different colors such as green, red, blue, and yellow. The women make special foods to eat for the festival. On the night before Holi, the men and boys make a big fire. Families sing and dance around the fire.

The next morning,the fun begins. People don't work on this day.They wear their old clothes so they don't get color all over their new clothes. Then they go out into the streets. First, they throw powders of different colors at each other. Colors cover everyone from top to bottom. After that, they start to throw colored water on one another. By the end of the day, everyone is a walking rainbow of color! When they get home in the evening, they wash their faces, bodies, and clothes to get the color out. Everyone is happy at the end of the day because it was so much fun!

Directions: Complete these sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Note that three words or phrases from the box will not be used.

throw, powders, festival, celebrate, relax, cover, equal, all over

1. During the festival,people stop work and take time to ________.

答案：relax

2. During Holi, one person is not more important than another. Everyone is ________.

答案：equal

3. Hindus ________ the world enjoy the Holi festival.

答案：all over

4. Hindus ________ Holi every year on a day after the full moon in February or March.

答案：celebrate

5. During the Holi ________, people throw powders at each other and have fun.

答案：festival

Directions: One piece of information in each sentence is not correct. Rewrite the sentence with the correct information.

6. Hindus celebrate Holi on the day before the full moon in February or March.

答案：Hindus celebrate Holi on the day after the full moon in February or March.

7. In the old days,people celebrated the festival for six days.

答案：In the old days,people celebrated the festival for five days.

8. During the festival, people buy powders of different colors.

答案：Before the festival, people buy powders of different colors.

9. On the morning before Holi, men and boys make a big fire.

答案：On the night before Holi, men and boys make a big fire.

10. People wear new clothes on the day of the festival.

答案：People wear old clothes on the day of the festival.

Part II Questions 11-20 are based on Passage 2. (30 points, 3 points each)

Passage 2 A Sharp Idea from King Gillette

A salesman named King Camp Gillette invented a disposable razor blade. His invention became a household name. It changed the way people shave all over the world to this day.

King Camp Gillette was born in a small town in the state of Wisconsin in the United States. When he was young,his family moved to Chicago. The family worked hard. His father worked at various inventions. Gillette always liked the ideas of inventing something, too. At 18, he left school and worked as a salesman.

By age 40, Gillette was still a salesman. Both his parents were more successful than he was. His mother published the famous White House Cookbook, and his father had a few inventions. The younger Gillette worked hard and also wanted to be an inventor. The president of the company he worked for encouraged him. He told him to invent something people could use and throw away. Gillette often thought about this.

One day when Gillette was ready to shave,his razor blade was too dull. It didn't cut. He thought,"I just spend so much time sharpening this blade. Then when I sharpen it, it's too sharp and I cut myself." He decided, "I'll make a razor with a safe, removable blade. When the blade is dull, you can throw it away and buy another blade."

Gillette started to work on this idea. Another inventor named William Emery Nickerson helped him. They became partners. Five years later, they started a company called the American Safety Razor Company. A year later, Gillette renamed the company the Gillette Safety Razor Company. In 1903, the company sold 51 razors and 168 blades. The next year it sold 90, 884 razors and 123, 648 blades. This was because Gillette had a good product and a good idea. He knew how to advertise. He gave away razors for free to sell more blades. Other companies tried to copy Gillette's product, but the Gillette Safety Razor Company became the most popular company.

By age 55, Gillette was a millionaire. He was famous, too, because his picture was on every package of razors. People all over the world asked for razors with the picture of a man on them. Gillette once said, "In my travels, I have found it in the most northern town in Norway and in the heart of the Sahara Desert." Sadly, in 1929, the U. S. Stock Market crashed, and Gillette lost his money.He died a few years later.

Directions: Fill in each blank of the text summary with an appropriate word from the box. Please note that five words from the box will not be used.

King Camp Gillette invented a throw-away razor blade. This 11.________ changed the way people shave all over the world. King Camp Gillette had been a 12.________ for over twenty years. He actually followed his father, who had a few inventions. He was greatly 13.________ by the president of the company he worked for. He also got the idea from the president that he should invent something that people could use and 14.________. One day when Gillette was ready to shave,he found that his razor blade was too 15.________. Suddenly an idea struck him that he'll make a razor with a safe, 16.________ blade. This helped avoid the situation of either sharpening the dull blade or getting cut by the sharp blade. Later Gillette started a company selling safety razor blade. His company became very 17.________ because Gillette not only had a good product, but also knew how to 18.________. His product was copied by many other companies but never surpassed (超越).Gillette became a 19.________ and famous all over the world. Sadly, in 1929, the U. S. Stock Market crashed, and Gillette 20.________ his money. He died a few years later.

11.答案：m

12.答案：g

13.答案：i

14.答案：j

15.答案：h

16.答案：n

17.答案：o

18.答案：b

19.答案：d

20.答案：a

Part III Questions 21-30 are based on Passage 3. (20 points, 2 points each)

Passage 3 The New York City Marathon:A World Race

The New York City Marathon was started by a man named Fred Lebow. It began in 1970 as a small, unimportant race. Only 127 people ran, and just 55 of them finished. They ran around Central Park four times. Few people watched them run. However, over the years, the marathon grew and became more popular.

Today, people come from all over the world to run in the marathon. Runners must be at least 18 years old, but there is no age limit. In fact, the oldest runner was an 89-year-old man. Recently, more than 27,000 people ran in the New York City Marathon. Large crowds cheered the runners and offered the participants cold drinks and encouragement.

The course of the marathon has changed, too. Instead of running around Central Park, the participants go through the five boroughs of New York City, Queens, Brooklyn, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island. The marathon begins at the base of the Verrazano Narrows Bridge in Staten Island. The runners go across the bridge into Brooklyn. Then they go up through Queens and into the Bronx. The marathon finishes in Central Park in Manhattan. The complete course is 26 miles, 385 yards, and takes the best runners less than 3 hours.

Although it has changed since 1970, the New York City Marathon is always exciting. Through the years, many unusual events have happened during the marathon. For example, Pat Tuz and John Weilbaker got married a few minutes before the race. Then,they ran the race with their wedding party. Some people run the whole marathon as a family. Other people run the race backwards.

In the fall of 1992, Fred Lebow, the founder of the New York City Marathon, slowly ran his last race. He was very ill with cancer, but he did not want to stop running. In October 1994, Fred died. However,the New York City Marathon, and all its excitement,will continue for many years to come.

Directions: Read Passage 3 carefully and then decide whether statements 21-30 are true or false. Write T for true and F for false against the number of the item on your answer sheet.

21. The New York City Marathon was started by an old woman.

答案：F

22. Less than half of the participants in the first New York City Marathon finished.

答案：T

23. Many people watched the first New York City Marathon.

答案：F

24. Runners should be younger than 89 years old.

答案：F

25. The participants used to run around Central Park.

答案：T

26.The Marathon now finishes in the Bronx.

答案：F

27. The complete course of the New York City Marathon is now 385 miles.

答案：F

28. Pat and John took part in the Marathon a few minutes after their wedding.

答案：T

29.Fred died in the fall of 1992.

答案：F

30. Fred died of cancer.

答案：T

Part IV Questions 31-35 are based on Passage 4.(20 points, 4 points each)

Passage 4 Pubs

One thing Britain is famous for is pubs, and no trip to the UK would be complete without a visit to one of the thousands of pubs across the country.

Pubs play an important part in the social structure of the country. They are places where all ages and social classes mix to talk, do business, or just spend a couple of quiet hours before heading home in the evening.

There are many different types of beer available in pubs. Traditional British beer is called bitter, or ale, and is usually served at room temperature. As a result, the British are famous for their 'warm beer'!

If you prefer a cold beer, ask for lager. This beer is a light yellow in colour whereas bitter is usually a darker brown. Another type of beer is stout- you may have heard of Guinness, which is a type of stout. This is a cold, black beer and takes a long time to pour, so don't be surprised if you have to wait for it.

All beers are served as pints (approximately 500ml) or halves (approximately 250ml). To order, you need to ask for a pint or half, and then name the beer. So, you could say 'A pint of bitter,please.'

Another drink is cider.This is like beer,but it is made from apples so it can taste sweet. Wine, red or white, is normally available in all pubs, as are spirits such as whisky, gin or vodka. These are served as singles (25ml) or doubles (50ml).

It is not, however,necessary to drink alcohol. Non-alcoholic drinks are called soft drinks. You can have juice,lemonade or cola, among others.

If you visit a pub in a group,it is important to pay for your 'round'.This means that you buy a drink for everyone in your group. Not buying your round is a big social mistake! Remember that you need to order and pay for your drinks at the bar.

So, follow these tips if you want to get the most out of visiting a pub, and, 'cheers!'

Directions: Read Passage 4 and give short answers to Questions 31-35.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.

31.What is traditional British beer called?

答案：Bitter or ale.

32. If you prefer cold beer,what should you ask for?

答案：Lager.

33. Approximately how many milliliters are there in a pint?

答案：500 mls.

34. How does cider taste?

答案：Sweet.

35. What does 'paying for your round' mean?

答案：Buying a drink for everyone in your group.

全套题型评分标准

1. Part I（1-10）：共30分，每题3分，答对得分，答错不得分

2. Part II（11-20）：共30分，每题3分，答对得分，答错不得分

3. Part III（21-30）：共20分，每题2分，答对得分，答错不得分

4. Part IV（31-35）：共20分，每题4分

备注：简答大小写、拼写错误每处扣0.5分，单题扣分上限5分